10 good facts: 2013

Tuesday, December 31, 2013

The Typical Earnings Of A Pet Save Officer

Animal rescue officers work on saving mistreated animals.

Animal rescue officers respond to public calls and investigate reported animal abuse and neglect. They are also responsible for detecting uncontrolled or abandoned animals. These workers rescue the animals from their current conditions and place them in shelters, provide food and general care, check for diseases and perform necessary treatments, and attempt to find new owners. In addition, animal rescue officers might conduct seminars that educate the general public on animal control laws and regulations. The average salary depends on the employer and the location.

Average Salary

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reports that animal rescue officers in 2009 on average earned an annual salary of $33,560. The workers in the lowest-paid 10th percentile received an annual wage of up to $19,540. The median salary for animal control officers was $31,550 a year, and the top-paid 10 percent had a yearly salary of $51,170 or more.

Salary by Employer

Local governments were the largest employers of animal rescue officers, according to the bureau, and paid the highest average salary for the profession, at $33,800 per year. Social advocacy groups were the second largest employers, and were third in terms of pay, with an annual mean wage of $30,990. Organizations offering various support services were the third largest employers and the fourth highest-paying, with an average pay of $29,700. Colleges and universities were last on the list of the largest employers, but paid the second highest salary, at $31,850 per year.

Salary by State

The bureau reports that California was among largest employers of animal rescue officers in 2009 and also paid the second-highest salary among states, at $46,130 a year on average. Nevada was the number one top-paying state, with an average annual salary of $48,910. Alaska, Minnesota and Washington were also among top five highest-paying states, with annual wages ranging from $39,530 to $41,150. States with the top concentrations of these specialists per 1,000 workers, on the other hand, paid salaries in the lower range, from $23,290 to $32,680 per year.

Salary by Metropolitan Area

Las Vegas, Nevada, was the highest-paying city for animal rescue officers, with an average salary of $52,360 per year. Two California cities, San Jose and Santa Ana, were next, with average wages of $48,810 and $48,370 per year, respectively. Seattle, Washington, and Nassau, New York, were the last two metropolitan areas on the list of the top five highest-paying cities, with annual salaries ranging from $46,230 to $46,740.

What Type Of Bedding Is The Best For Dogs

Getting the right dog bedding will ensure your pet's comfort and safety.

Most dog owners prefer their pets to have beds of their own--whether inside the house or out--rather than having them sleep on the couch or jump onto their owner's bed. The best types of bedding depend on where the dog is sleeping as well as the temperature.

Dog Beds

A dogs that sleeps indoors should be provided with its own dog bed to discourage it from seeking out warmth and comfort on the couch or in your bed. Dog beds and baskets come in various sizes, and it's important that your dog has enough space in the bed to reposition itself comfortably. Beds made from plastic or baskets made from wicker require additional bedding for comfort and warmth. Dog beds made from soft, stuffed fabric will not normally require additional bedding.

Dog Kennels

Dogs that sleep outdoors need a sturdy wooden kennel for shelter from rain and cold. Like dog beds, kennels come in many sizes, so buy one that allows the dog to turn around comfortably. Before buying a kennel, take into account any future growth of the dog. Place the kennel so the opening faces away from the prevailing wind.

Blankets

Many dog owners choose to save money by using old blankets as dog bedding. This is fine, provided that the blankets are not allowed to become wet. Wet blankets tend to retain moisture, and damp blankets will make the dog cold. For this reason, blankets are recommended as bedding only for indoor dogs.

Hay

Hay is the perfect bedding for outdoor canines. A layer of hay about 4 inches deep in the kennel will keep the dog warm and allow any moisture to evaporate, unlike blankets. Hay is also cost effective and can be bought from any feed store. Ensure the hay is fresh and has a pleasant smell similar to freshly cut grass. Change the hay regularly.

Dog Illnesses Triggered By Bird & Rabbit Feces

Dog Diseases Caused by Bird & Rabbit Feces

Dogs are like very small children in that they explore the world through their mouths. They taste and eat just about anything, including the feces of other animals. They will also eat the entire carcasses of birds or rabbits, including any forming feces that may happen to still be in the bodies. Dogs often like rolling about in bird droppings. Unfortunately, some serious illnesses can pass from bird or rabbit droppings to your dog.

Types

Dogs can pick up avian flu (H5N1) from the feces, meat or carcasses of infected birds. They can also pick up avian flu from being in contact with or eating the feces of contaminated cats. Dogs can get coccidiosis or leptospirosis from eating rabbit feces. In the case of leptospirosis, dogs can also be infected from drinking the urine or eating the feces of rodents, skunks, possums or already-infected dogs.

Considerations

Hunting dogs or dogs allowed to wander are far more likely to eat contaminated bird or rabbit droppings than house dogs or dogs kept on a lead or in a fenced yard. Although this doesn't completely eliminate the chances of infected birds, cats or rabbits passing by your property, it does cut down the dog's chances of getting sick.

Prevention/Solution

Dogs can be vaccinated against leptospirosis as early as a puppy and given annual booster shots. Dogs can be trained to not eat feces and need to be bathed as soon as you realize that they've rolled in bird droppings. Try to keep your dogs from getting into contact with stray cats and try to keep them off of your property. Check your dog's yard frequently to see if any animal droppings are there and clean them up.

Warning

All of these diseases are transferable to humans. However, simple hand washing before meals or after getting into contact with a feces-covered dog or removing animal feces can often prevent your chances of getting sick.

Identification

A dog with avian flu has fever, coughing, difficulty breathing and difficulty walking. The dog needs to get to the vet immediately or they may die. A dog with leptospirosis has fever, vomiting, loss of appetite, disinterest in anything (depression), conjunctivitis and very dark colored urine. This is also an emergency situation and the dog needs to get to the vet immediately, if not sooner. Although dogs have survived leptospitosis, they often have kidney and liver damage as a result. A dog with coccidosis is usually a puppy or a dog that's just undergone a lot of stress. They get loose, runny stools, sometimes tinged with blood. They are listless, anemic and often get dehydrated.

How Lengthy Does Crate Training Take

Crate training your new dog or puppy is a good way to discourage him from using your floors, couches and carpets as his bathroom facilities, and it can prevent him from chewing everything within his reach. The crate-training process can take anywhere from a few days to a few weeks, depending on the dog's age and his previous experiences.

Picking a Crate

Dog crates are made out of plastic or metal and can be purchased at pet supply stores. The crate should be big enough for him to stand up, but not too large that he might be tempted to go to the bathroom inside the crate.

Dog Meets Crate

Make sure that the dog associates good things when he goes near his crate. Feed him his meals near or inside the crate and entice him to enter the crate by placing treats inside. Line the bottom of the crate with a soft blanket or towel. Getting your dog acclimated to the crate can take only a few hours or a few days. Puppies and skittish dogs will usually take longer to adapt to the crate environment.

Limited Time in the Crate

Once your dog feels comfortable going inside and outside the crate, try closing the door of the gate while he eats his meal. Leave the door closed for a few minutes after he finishes eating. For the first few times, he might whine. Do not let him out of the crate until he has stopped whining.

Extended Time in the Crate

The dog should now feel comfortable being in the crate for small amounts of time without crying to be let out. Start leaving him in the crate for 10 minutes to 30 minutes at a time. Encourage the dog to enter the crate by giving him a treat. While he is confined, walk around to different rooms in the house, so that sometimes you may be out of his line of vision. It is important to keep repeating this process throughout the day and for a few weeks, until your dog no longer whines.

Leaving the House

Leave your dog in the crate when you are not home. Have him go to the bathroom before you leave and give him a treat when he goes in his crate. Limit your initial outings to no more than an hour or two.

Night Crating

When you first start leaving your dog in his crate overnight, have it in a location where you can hear him if he needs to go out. This is especially important for puppies, who will need to go to the bathroom in the middle of the night. Eventually, your dog will be able to hold his bladder throughout the night without waking.

Time Well Spent

Crating your new puppy will take anywhere from two to six weeks to maintain a normal schedule. A previously trained dog may only take a day to get used to his new routine and surroundings. A skittish dog may take even longer than six weeks. Make sure that you are promoting a normal daily routine for your dog by using treats, not rewarding whining and not leaving him alone in the crate for long extended periods throughout the day (more than five or six hours).

Crate Train Shitzus

Crate Train Shitzus

Shih Tzus are wonderful family pets with a lot of energy, personality and intelligence. They are, however, prone to separation anxiety, which can prove to be stressful for the owner as well as the dog. The key to successfully crate training a Shih Tzu is a combination of education, preparation and consistency. These elements create a positive attitude from you and an overall positive experience for you and your dog.

Instructions

1. If you own a Shih Tzu, you have probably already done your homework on the breed. If so, you've also discovered that no two Shih Tzu are alike and they don't always conform to breed "standards." Because their temperaments and personalities vary so much, you may not be able to tell right away how your Shih Tzu will respond to being crated. For that reason, it is always better to err on the side of caution and approach the process slowly and methodically. The single most important thing you offer is consistency. Without it, your dog will certainly take much longer to grow accustomed to being crated and may, in fact, never truly come to see his crate as his very own safe, comfortable and temporary space.

2. Secondly, prepare with the proper equipment. Buy the proper size crate and comfortable bedding. A crate should give enough space for your dog to easily stand, turn around with room to spare and lay down comfortably. A crate that is too small can generate a lot of anxiety, whereas a crate that is much too big can be overwhelming and also create anxiety. The bedding doesn't have to be plush and expensive but it should be very comfortable and easy to clean. All dogs are territorial to some degree, so a crate that offers her a feeling of personal space should bring comfort to her, not distress. With that in mind, if the crate environment is comfortable your Shih Tzu will naturally be more likely to accept it as a positive space that belongs to her.

3. In the introduction of crating, it is important to define an absolute schedule for crating your Shih Tzu. As an example, after breakfast and outside time, plan to crate for 20 minutes. Without fanfare or over-excitement, let your dog out of the crate and immediately take him outside. This is especially important if you are introducing crate training and housebreaking together. Go about your normal routine and interact with your dog in the same way you normally would. Crate again for 20 minutes after lunch, dinner and at bedtime. After a week, you can increase the time by five to 10 minutes, if you have the need to do so. If you dog is crying while crated and you simply cannot ignore it, put on some soft music or use earplugs. You are not harming your little friend. You are teaching him a sense of security in his new space and self-discipline. This is no more or less than you would require from a child.

4. Always leave the door of the crate open when your dog isn't in it. You may find that she enters her crate on her own from time to time. Again, don't praise her or reward her. You want her interaction with her crate to be as natural as possible. Don't load up the crate with toys and snacks. You don't want your Shih Tzu to think the crate is a game of goodies. Slowly but surely, you're giving her a place that she can go to for relaxing and self-comfort. This is especially helpful to your dog when you have company with small children or a lot of excitement going on.

5. A trait you should watch for among Shih Tzu is separation anxiety. These little dogs are very quickly and deeply attached to their owner. Being separated can cause a great deal of stress for the dog, and the results can mean destructive behavior that is completely out of character as well as physical anxiety. When crate training your Shih Tzu, keep in mind that you do not want to instigate unnecessary anxiety. A gradual, consistent approach is required. Be prepared to slow down, be patient, and above all, make the time to be thoroughly consistent. If you feel that your dog is suffering from separation anxiety, you should consult your veterinarian for professional advice and treatment.

Raise A Wolfhusky Breed Of Dog

Raise a Wolf-Husky Dog Breed

A wolf husky is a type of wolf dog, or wolf hybrid, that is born when a wolf mates with a husky, most commonly a Siberian or Alaskan husky. Like all types of wolf dog, the wolf husky requires intense training and tireless supervision, and therefore is not the ideal pet for everyone. If you nevertheless decide to bring one of these canines into your home, you will need to exercise patience and authority, and raise the dog as its pack leader.

Instructions

1. Begin training your wolf husky as early as possible. Wolf hybrids require exhaustive obedience training, as you must constantly establish yourself as the pack leader. Use a firm and commanding voice to give instructions and use positive reinforcement, such as treats for good behavior. Wold hybrids respond enthusiastically to positive reinforcement but may become highly aggressive if you exhibit negative reinforcement.

2. Exercise your dog every day. Exercise should include at least one long walk or jog as well as additional time spent outdoors. The Siberian husky and the wolf both require constant activity and room to roam. Therefore, do not take lightly your animal's need for exercise. If you allow it to remain cooped up, it may become restless and destructive.

3. Watch your dog closely when in the presence of strangers and individuals outside your immediate family. As wolves are fierce pack animals, your wolf dog may show intense loyalty to your immediate family while behaving skittishly around strangers. Do not allow your wolf husky to interact with other people and animals without supervision. If you have a child, carefully monitor all interactions between the dog and the child as well.

4. Feed your wolf husky approximately two to two-and-a-half cups of a meat-based dog food every day. As the average wolf husky should reach 40 to 60 pounds, it will need at least two cups of food, preferably spread over two meals, with ample protein and calcium. Puppies under six months of age require twice as much food spread over three meals, to account for the energy, metabolism and growth.

5. Comb your dog's coat daily. Although different hybrid dogs take on different dominant characteristics, your Wolf Husky should have a thick coat. Since the husky sheds its coat heavily twice a year, you will need to maintain the fur with daily brushing. Use a firm wire brush for best results.

Earn Money With Your Dog Boarding Kennel

Selling dog treats is just one way to make money with a dog boarding kennel.

Making money with a dog boarding kennel consists of more than simply making money from the actual boarding of the dogs. There are numerous ways that you can use the boarding kennel to make money above and beyond whatever you might take in from taking care of the dogs. With a little time and a little effort, you'll find that there are several avenues that you can choose from in order to make money with your boarding kennel.

Instructions

1. Check with your local animal authorities to determine what sort of license and/or inspection requirements need to be fulfilled. In most cases, an animal control officer will come out to inspect the facility and will then issue a certificate, which must be prominently displayed in the kennel.

2. Set up a series of "packages" for your boarders -- "economy" would be the cheapest package, with basic care provided for the boarder. Follow that with a "deluxe" package, incorporating some special play time with the boarder, and a "super" package, with a bath upon departure. Price each package accordingly.

3. Arrange a small area of the boarding kennel to have a "boutique" section. In this section, you can sell dog foods, dog clothing, and also "chew toys." Many customers will impulse buy some chew items while their dog will be staying with you.

4. Sell flea treatments at the kennel. Customers won't want their dog to come home with fleas, so if they are treated at the kennel prior to departure, there's a lot less likelihood of any unwelcome visitors going home with your boarder.

5. Offer doggie day care. Don't limit yourself to only boarding. People need a place to drop their dogs off while they take care of business or go to work, and arranging to have the dog stay in doggie day care makes them feel better about having to leave their dog.

6. Make sure you offer pet sitting services, too. Some dog owners simply don't want their dog being in a kennel, but they trust the people who operate the kennels. These pet owners have no problems with paying extra money to have you come to their house to take care of their dog or dogs.

7. Charge extra for special needs, including dogs that require extra special maintenance in the areas of medications or other unique needs.

8. Offer pickup and drop-off service, bringing dogs to and from your kennel, charging extra for the service.

Monday, December 30, 2013

Breed My Dog In A Years Old

Can I Breed My Dog at a Year Old?

Breeding a dog is not a decision to be taken lightly. Whether the dog is male or female, breeding at 1 year old is too young. Dogs have not fully matured mentally or physically and are too young to test for hereditary diseases.

Considerations

The Humane Society of the United States estimates that three to four million dogs and cats are euthanized at taxpayer expense annually. Responsible breeders know they will have committed buyers for the litter before they breed their dog.

Mental Maturity

Dogs are still puppies at 1 year old and not mentally mature. Temperament is often inherited, and only temperamentally sound dogs should be bred. A young dog may not care for her puppies properly.

Physical Maturity

Dogs are often not physically mature at 1 year old. In larger dogs, their growth plates and bone development are incomplete. This can lead to problem pregnancies.

Health and Genetic Testing

Hereditary conditions like hip and elbow dysplasia are common in dogs. Since joint development is not complete until about 2 years old, dogs cannot be tested until then. There are many breed-specific health tests that you should have done before allowing your dog to breed.

Ideal Age for Breeding

You should not breed your dog until he is mentally and physically mature, which is usually around the age of 2.

Boarding Dogs & Ailments

Illnesses spread in a kennel often are the result of contact with an infected dog.

Dogs are not always able to go with their owner, so boarding a dog may be necessary sometimes. This is especially true if an owner must travel for business or the dog suffers from separation anxiety during the day while the owner is at work. No matter how long the stay at a boarding facility, the owner should be aware of any potential illnesses that may spread through contact with other dogs at a boarding kennel.

Kennel Cough

Kennel cough, also known as bordetella and canine cough, occurs when a dog becomes infected with a parainfluenza virus, such as Bordetella bronchiseptica. When infected, the dog may have a dry, hacking cough, loss of appetite, fever and nasal discharge. Kennel cough, in mild to severe forms, may require veterinary care. Cough suppressants or antibiotics may be used to treat and sooth the dog's symptoms.

Canine Distemper

Canine distemper is a contagious disease spread through dog-to-dog contact. This virus can incubate for up to three weeks, making it impossible for owners to realize their dog is infected prior to or after boarding. Signs of canine distemper include loss of appetite, lethargy, runny nose, diarrhea, vomiting and fever. The dog should be brought to a veterinarian immediately, as treatment is vital and he may need to be quarantined. However, because of the highly aggressive nature of this illness, not all dogs will survive.

Canine Hepatitis

Canine hepatitis can incubate for up to a week in a dog, so detection prior to boarding is nearly impossible. Dogs who are infected with hepatitis may become ill within 24 hours following the initial incubation period. Hepatitis is spread by the consumption of contaminated items. Contamination can occur through contact with the feces, saliva or urine of an infected dog. Symptoms including pale gums, abdominal pain, diarrhea, loss of appetite and fever. The dog should be seen by a veterinarian immediately for treatment, though it's possible the virus will continue to shed through his urine.

Canine Parvovirus

Parvovirus can incubate for up to five days in a dog, so immediate detection is not always possible. This virus is spread through the feces of an infected dog but it may also be carried on shoes, clothing or other items that may have come into contact with an infected canine. Symptoms include vomiting, loss of appetite, bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain and changes in behavior, such as depression. Veterinary care is a necessity, as lack of treatment can cause death because of severe dehydration. Unfortunately, parvovirus is extremely persistent and may remain in kennels, homes and other locations for up to one year; even with aggressive disinfectant techniques.

Coronavirus

Canine coronavirus is less common, though it may be spread easily in large groups of dogs from different areas. It is similar to the canine parvovirus. However, it is less likely a dog with coronavirus will die from the infection. Symptoms include bloody diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, loss of appetite, abdominal pain and depression. These dogs require immediate veterinary care, as hospitalization may be necessary for survival.

Rabies

The rabies virus is passed through the saliva of an infected animal and usually dogs come into contact with an infected animal prior to boarding. However, it is always a possibility that an infected animal may attempt to enter the boarding facility. Since the virus can incubate in a dog for up to several months, it is possible for a dog to pass the virus while being boarded. Rabies causes the infected dog to undergo a personality change. Some dogs may become extremely vicious, while others may become shy, affectionate or paralytic. Unfortunately, the vast majority of dogs will die within 15 days of displaying symptoms.

Do You Know The Remedies For Reverse Sneezing Inside A Dog

Short-muzzled and small dogs have increased rates of reverse sneezing.

Reverse sneezing is another name for paroxysmal respiration or pharyngeal gag reflex. According to VetInfo, the dog may seem to have issues breathing and make a snorting sound as if trying to inhale instead of exhale the sneeze. Often the dog will extend its neck, its eyes may bulge and the chest expand. The cause of the reverse sneeze is a spasm caused by irritation to the soft palate and throat, according to VetInfo. Dogs with short muzzles, such as pugs, bulldogs and shih tzus, have the condition more often than other breeds and there may be genetic factors. The problem can begin at any age or a dog may have the condition its entire life. Usually the cause is unknown.

Distract the Dog or Instigate Swallowing

Observe the dog while the reverse sneezing is occurring. Chart the times and duration. If the dog appears normal before and after the event, the duration is less than two minutes and it occurs no more frequently than once or twice a day, medical treatment is unnecessary. Methods to stop or decrease the episode include depressing the dog's tongue to improve airflow, covering its nose to force the dog to swallow or massaging the dog's throat, according to VeterinaryPartner contributing writer Becky Lundgren, D.V.M. Distracting the dog may stop an episode.

Antihistamines

An allergic response to pollen may cause reverse sneezing.

When the reverse sneezing is more common at different times, finding the cause of the throat irritation may help to determine appropriate treatment. Allergies may cause drainage or irritation that result in reverse sneezing. According to VetInfo, antihistamines help relieve allergic reaction to common causes of dog allergies, including dust, cleaners, pollen and chemicals. Methods to help the dog avoid allergens include wiping it off after it goes outside, changing cleaners or yard chemicals and washing dog bedding frequently.

Medication or Surgery

Reverse sneezing in dogs may be sign of underlying disorder.

Dogs that have prolonged, sudden development or frequent episodes of reverse sneezing or have bleeding or facial swelling require veterinary examination of the nasal area and throat. Sometimes a biopsy is required. Treatment depends on the cause. Ivermectin is a common treatment for mites in the laryngeal area, according to Lundgren. Surgery may be required to remove a foreign object. Antifungal medications treat fungus infection. Anti-inflammatory medications and antibiotics treat infection and swelling. Tumors in the nasal passage or throat are a severe cause for reverse sneezing. Treatments for tumors depend on the type of tumor and other factors.

Muscle Wasting In Dogs

Strong and healthy dogs

Canines that experience muscle wasting are most often showing symptoms of a larger problem. Muscle wasting is a symptom of many different canine diseases and should be taken very seriously. If dogs are showing any symptoms of muscle wasting it is best to get them to a veterinarian for a more thorough examination.

Disseminated Aspergillosis

Aspergillosis is a fungal disease that usually affects the nasal passages and respiratory system. Dog breeds with large snouts are the ones most likely to contract aspergillosis. If the disease spreads throughout the body it is known as disseminated aspergillosis. This type can cause muscle wasting in canines. Other symptoms include weight loss, lethargy, vomiting and paralysis. According to the website Pet Place, disseminated aspergillosis is treatable by veterinarians through the use of systemic antifungal drugs.

Thyroid Disease

Thyroid disease is a lifelong affliction that begins to affect dogs most often around puberty. The most common form of thyroid disease is autoimmune thyroiditis, which is typified by the antithyroid antibodies that appear in the canine's blood and tissue.

Muscle wasting, seizures, a dull and coarse coat and a slowed heart rate are all signs of thyroid disease. The most common treatment for thyroid disease is daily injections of the T4 hormone; the brand names for T4 hormones are Soloxine and Synthroid.

Myositis

According to the website Vet Specialists, myositis is an inflammation of the muscles and can be a sign of a more serious illness. Myositis can affect just one muscle, such as the jaw, or it can affect groups at a time. Generalized myositis, known as polymyositis, shows signs of muscle swelling followed by muscle wasting. Veterinarians can confirm whether or not a dog is suffering from myositis through a sample of tissue. Treatment is generally steroids and immunosuppressive drugs.

Degenerative Myelopathy

Degenerative myelopathy is a slow developing disease that has no cure. It most commonly affects aging German shepherds and on occasion other large breeds of dogs. Although degenerative myelopathy is a spinal cord disorder, it also causes muscle wasting and loss in the hind legs. Any loss of coordination or weakness in the rear legs, particularly in middle-aged German shepherds, should be checked out by a veterinarian. While the cause of degenerative myelopathy is unknown, it is thought to be an autoimmune disease.

Tick Disease

The term tick disease is used as an umbrella term that includes Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever and basesiosis. When a dog is bitten by a tick it can contract any one of these diseases. Symptom of tick-related disease include muscle wasting, swelling of the extremities, nose bleeds and fever. In order to avoid having dogs contract tick diseases, treat them with a monthly tick repellent such as Frontline or have them wear a tick collar such as Preventic.

Identify A United States Bulldog

The American Bulldog is a descendant of the English Bulldog. They were brought to America with their owners, but instead of being bred to make them smaller and more docile, they have continued in their original height, weight and nature. They are a strong muscular dog and have a courageous heart. They have been used as herders, trackers, hunters and watchdogs. Here's how you can identify this breed.

Instructions

1. Examine the overall appearance of the dog. American Bulldogs are about 22 to 26 inches in height and weigh between 80 and 120 lbs. They are strong and muscular. Their head is large and powerful.

2. Look at some of the characteristics of the head. Their head is large and box shaped. The head is broad and flat across the head with deep furrowed eyes. The muzzle is shaped like a box and possesses very strong jaws.

3. Take note of some of the finer points of the head. Their teeth come together with a tight under bite. The jaws are strong and capable of a scissor-like bite. Their nose ends with a black or grizzle coloring. For dogs with a black nose, the lips should be black also. Any eye color is evident but on white dogs, the eyes should have a black rim.

4. Discern the color of the dog. American Bulldogs come in solid colors or mixed coats of white and black, brown, brindle, red and tan.

What's The Distinction Between A Classic British Mastiff & A Neapolitan

Mastiffs are the largest breeds recognized by many kennel clubs.

Mastiffs are considered the most massive breed recognized by many kennel clubs. There are two types of purebred mastiffs: the Old English Mastiff (also known as Mastiff and English Mastiff) and the Neapolitan Mastiff. They are easily distinguishable, given the proper information.

Skin

The most recognizable difference between the Old English Mastiff (OEM) and the Neapolitan Mastiff is their skin. According to the American Kennel Club, a Neapolitan is known for numerous folds and wrinkles around its face and neck, pendulous lips, and an ample dewlap. While OEMs have looser skin than other breeds, this abundant folding is absent.

Coloring

The American Kennel Club lists Neapolitans' proper coloring as gray (blue), mahogany, tawny or black, with some brindling or white marks allowed. Old English Mastiffs are apricot, fawn-colored or brindled.

Height

Both Mastiff breeds are massive, heavy-boned creatures. However, the Old English variety is considered slightly larger, with males a minimum of 30 inches and females a minimum of 27 1/2 inches at the shoulder. Neapolitan males are 26 to 31 inches at the shoulder, while females are 24 to 29 inches.

Weight

Neapolitan males average 150 pounds, while females usually weigh around 110 pounds. According to the National Kennel Club, Old English Mastiff males average 175 to 190 pounds. Both, however, are known to get considerably larger.

Gait

Neapolitan Mastiffs are famous for their rolling, lumbering gait. They push off hard from their hindquarters and extend their forelegs, producing this effect. The Old English gait is a bit more elegant--albeit still a bit lumbering--with forelegs tracking smoothly.

Fun Fact

Both Mastiff varieties are considered ancient breeds, with records tracing back at least 2,000 years. They were well-documented in ancient Egypt, Persia, Mesopotamia, Asia and Rome, serving as war dogs and guardians. Despite this history, they are considered "gentle giants," especially the Old English variety. Loyal, gentle, noble and protective without being unnecessarily aggressive, a well-trained and exercised OEM can be an excellent pet.

Train A Properly Socialized Pitbull

A pit bull can be as tame as any lap dog with proper training.

Pit bull is a species of dog that was originally bred for use in sporting events as fight dogs. Because of this practice, pit bulls are physically powerful and have a reputation for aggressiveness. However, just like humans, pit bulls differ from individual to individual, and with proper care, a well-behaved pit bull can be a valued and loving member of the family. Like any dog, your pit bull will need to be trained, but with positive methods that don't bring out those unwanted aggressive traits.

Instructions

1. Always use a leash during training. Pit bulls naturally want to be in charge, so the leash allows you to control the animal and lets it know that you are the one in charge. The urge to be dominant must be trained out of the animal.

2. Do not use the "choke and pull" method of correction. Some schools of training suggest using a choke chain on your animal, a collar made of chain that slides freely through a loop of steel. By yanking on the leash, attached to one of the steel loops, the chain is tightened, choking the animal momentarily. This is a violent and painful technique that should be avoided. Just because your pit bull doesn't show signs of discomfort because of its breeding for a high degree of pain tolerance doesn't mean it isn't in pain.

3. Do not allow the animal to take a dominant position in your relationship. Your pit bull does not decide when it is play time or food time: you do. An animal that wants to be fed or played with must sit quietly and patiently, otherwise it will be ignored.

4. Use treats as incentives to indicate desired behavior. Dogs love treats and they love to please their owners. Giving your pit bull a treat when it is good will let it know that it has pleased you and it will repeat the trick.

5. Positively reinforce any desired behavior. If your animal behaves then it should be rewarded with praise, petting and treats.

6. Use toys as a reward. Just like a child, a loving dog will always want to play with their toys. As the owner you are in charge of the toy allotment. When they are bad take their toys away. When they are good, only allow them one or two toys at a time.

7. Correct improper behavior by creating a shake-can. Take a container such as a soda can or a plastic container with a lid and fill it with pennies or rocks. Shake the can vigorously at the animal when it misbehaves. The sound will cause your dog discomfort without causing serious pain. This is useful for disciplining pit bulls because it corrects behavior without reinforcing the notion that violence is an appropriate reaction.

8. Introduce children to the family pit bull early. This step is best performed with puppies. The child and animal must both learn behave with one another, and starting early will increase chances of success.

9. Never allow your pit bull to chase a car, bike or scooter. This is predatory behavior and must be discouraged in the animal.

Sunday, December 29, 2013

Handle A Bulldog For Conformation

Judges appreciate relaxed dogs during an examination.

Showing your bulldog in a conformation class compares to a model walking the catwalk. Everything, from the dog's coat condition to even your shoes, affects the overall impression given to the judge. Making a professional impact helps to get the win almost as much as the dog's conformation to the breed standard. Walk into the ring prepared to improve your chances of making your bulldog a champion.

Instructions

1. Learn the standards for a bulldog set by the breed club. The dog must be registered, according to the American Kennel Club. Compare your dog to the standard, and look for any disqualifications, such as a brown or liver-colored nose. Contact breeders or the breed club to find others willing to help evaluate your dog. Show only a bulldog with competitive potential for the ring.

2. Put a collar and leash on the dog, and train it to stand and hold its position correctly. The correct stand, or stack, for a bulldog requires placing the front legs apart, feet facing forward and straight below the shoulder with the hind legs slightly behind, according to the Bulldog Club of New Jersey. Consider purchasing or buying show dog stacking trays to make training easier.

3. Practice the examination part of the judging competition by getting people to touch the dog during stacking, including opening and looking in the mouth and feeling testicles on male dogs. Put the dog on a table or ramp during examination since judges commonly use them for bulldogs.

4. Work with leading your dog around a ring or circular area to learn how fast you need to get a proper gait from your bulldog. Train your dog to move easily, stop when you do and move forward quickly with you. Attend some dog shows to become familiar with your breed's movement and show activities.

5. Contact local dog clubs to find a handler class to practice working your dog in a ring with other dogs. Ask local clubs and breeders about area matches for experience prior to official conformation competition.

6. Purchase clothing suitable for showing a bulldog in the ring. Select professional clothing that complements and does not conflict with your dog's coat color. Avoid white clothing with a predominately white bulldog. The length and fit of a dress permits you to bend over to stack or work with a short bulldog in the ring.

7. Contact your veterinarian for proof of rabies vaccination. Take the dog to the veterinarian to obtain current vaccinations, if necessary.

8. Contact the breed club or national club, such as the American Kennel Club or Canadian Kennel Club, to locate dog shows, rules for the dog show and the application process. Enter your bulldog in a dog show.

9. Prepare a checklist for the dog show, including items such as dog food, treats, medications, your show clothing and shoes, crate, grooming supplies and shot records.

Friday, December 27, 2013

Take Care Of Dogs Following Childbirth

Support your dog after it gives birth.

Dogs are naturally equipped with the skills and tools to give birth and care for puppies without the assistance of humans. However, whelping -- the process of dog birth -- can present problems for some animals, and require your support and attention to stay healthy. Before your dog gives birth, establish a relationship with your veterinarian and schedule pre and post visits. Following birth, be prepared to pay special attention to your dog as it recuperates, and have a system to reach your vet in the event of an emergency.

Instructions

1. Provide the dog with a large box. Ideally, do this a few weeks prior to birth to allow the dog time to acclimate to the puppy delivery space. The box provides the dog with a contained space to care for puppies and recover from giving birth. The box needs to be large enough for the dog and its expectant litter. Line the box floor with newspaper or absorbing pads to make for easy cleanup after puppy birth.

2. Schedule a veterinarian visit as close to 24 hours after the dog gives birth as possible. The veterinarian will ensure there are no remaining placenta or puppies in the dog's uterus. You can also request treatment for the dog's enlarged uterus to reduce the possibility of infection.

3. Monitor the dog's body. Your dog will naturally discharge a dark liquid for up to four weeks following puppy birth. However, foul-smelling liquid discharge is a sign of a uterine infection, and requires immediate veterinarian attention. Clean your dog's mammary glands with warm water if they accumulate dry milk, and watch them for signs of infection: hardness, swelling, reddish-purple coloring or reaction to pain.

4. Watch your dog's behavior closely. The stress of producing milk can lead to calcium deficiency, and in severe cases may lead to eclampsia, or "milk fever." Symptoms of eclampsia include severe trembling, discoordination, convulsions, abnormal drooling or uncharacteristic nervousness. Also watch for signs of decreased appetite and depression which may indicate a uterine infection. Both conditions are life-threatening to your dog and require immediate veterinarian care.

5. Take your dog's temperature daily. The normal temperature for dogs is 101.5 degrees F, plus or minus a degree. A sustained fever may indicate post-birth related problems. See your veterinarian immediately if this is the case.

6. Increase feedings. Your dog's appetite will return after giving birth, and it will need more food as it recuperates and nurses. Consult your veterinarian for food formulas for your breed of dog. Plan on a minimum of three feedings per day.

7. Lay out newspaper. Even a healthy dog may exhibit a different set of behavior following giving birth. If the dog is nursing, it will have a hard time leaving its pups, which may lead to accidents. Laying out newspaper near the nursing box makes the situation easier to handle.

About British Bulldogs

About English Bulldogs

English Bulldogs are one of the most recognizable of all the breeds. They have a long and storied history and, with the right family, adjust very well. They are not for everyone, but if you are willing to put in a little time and attention, they are a loyal breed.

History

The English Bulldog was recognized as a breed by the American Kennel Club back in 1886 and according to their records, the English Bulldog is one of the most popular breeds in the country, are related to the mastiff and are classified in the non-sporting group.

Features

The English Bulldog appears to be wider than he is tall with small ears, short legs and large eyes. The coat can be a solid color or a combination of red, fawn, brindle, pale yellow, washed-out red, or white. These are the only colors recognized by the AKC. Male and female bulldogs range from about 12 to 16 inches in height. Males weigh between 53 and 55 pounds and females between 49 and 51 pounds. The average life span is about 8 years.

Function

English Bulldogs were originally bred to fight bulls in competition. After the practice became illegal, bulldogs became pets, although it took a few generations to breed out the aggressiveness. Just don't expect them to go for a long run in the park.

Considerations

An English Bulldog needs an owner with a strong personality because Bulldogs like to be the Alpha animal. They are very much a pack animal, getting along with animals in the house, but not outside animals.

Take the following health concerns into consideration. Bulldogs have breathing problems, poor eyesight, are susceptible to heat stroke, and get skin infections easily. Wash their face daily, especially under wrinkles.

Potential

English Bulldogs have the potential to be the perfect apartment dog. They only need to be taken for a couple of short walks each day and are easy to groom because they have a short coat.

Correct Muddy Dog Runs Within The Yard

Muddy dog runs make muddy dogs, which come into your house.

One of the more difficult problems that arise from keeping one or more dogs is the mud created in all the places where the dog runs back and forth and wears away the grass. Even if you contain the mess by putting the dog in a fenced dog run to play, the mud remains a problem. Not only is it unsightly, but the dog brings that mud into the house. There are three excellent solutions among several available: concrete runs, high-density plastic panels and a product called DirtGlue.

Instructions

Concrete Runs

1. Excavate the area.

Dig down about 6 inches for 4-inch-thick concrete. You may want it thicker if you have many dogs or extreme weather.

2. Make sure your frame is level.

Frame the area where you will pour the concrete, using 2-by-4 inch boards turned on their sides to build the frame. The board ends must be nailed securely, so the concrete does not escape. Backfill with dirt up close to the lumber to stabilize it.

3. Add pea gravel

Pour the pea gravel into the run area and spread it so that the area is reasonably level. Build up one side so that the entire run is level but slopes down in one direction--away from the house and walking paths. The layer of gravel only has to be deep enough to provide a level, sloping area. If your soil has poor drainage, an extra 2 to 3 inches should help.

4. Rent a concrete mixer to ease your workload.

Mix the concrete with water thoroughly and pour into the frame. Use a splash board to keep concrete inside the frame.

5. Float the concrete using a wood or metal float.

Use a float to smooth the surface and allow the concrete to dry. Don’t trowel, so that the surface will remain a little rougher for better footing.

6. Concrete slab with the lumber forms removed.

Remove the 2-by-4 inch frame by prying the boards away when all is dry.

7. Apply concrete sealer to the concrete in several layers to help prevent odor buildup from urine.

High-Density Plastic Flooring

8. Measure your plastic planks and your dog run, and plan your layout on paper. If the planks are long enough, you may need to lay them horizontally across the width of the run and add planks to the length. Or you may need to lay planks side by side and then end to end. You may find you will need to lengthen the run as needed to fit the plastic flooring sections without having to cut them. There are a number of companies from which to purchase this type of kennel flooring. The panels come in different sizes, usually rectangular or square.

9. Dig the ground and level it as in Steps 1 and 2 in the concrete section. Dig just deep enough to provide a level surface and about 2 inches of gravel for drainage; you don't have to dig down to 6 inches as with a concrete pad. Depending on your soil and drainage, you may not need gravel at all.

10. Lay the first plastic plank section directly onto your prepared dirt or gravel surface and insert the second one under the side edge of the first one to lock into place. Put a layer of weed cloth down first if there is any concern about weeds and grass growing up. Trim the weed cloth so that the dog cannot get to the edges and pull it out.

11. Repeat Step 2 until all the planks are locked into place.

12. Add the finishing strips to the outer edges of your run.

DirtGlue

13. Dig down 6 inches.

14. Pour pea gravel to a depth of 4 inches into the run area and spread it so that the area is reasonably level.

15. Compact the gravel and apply geotextile fabric on top. Your County Extension or a Co-op should be able to help you locate this product. You need a stronger type than the weed cloth from the hardware store.

16. Add 2 more inches of gravel and mix in DirtGlue, diluted according to package directions. Compact firmly. DirtGlue is a unique, environmentally friendly, nontoxic polymer emulsion that is used for soil stabilization. Follow package directions for curing and drying times, depending on the size of your run as well as any sloping.

Canines & Coughing Ailments

Canine coughing can signify a number of potential illnesses.

Coughing ailments in canines have a variety of possible causes. Viruses and bacteria cause a large portion of coughing-related illnesses, such as kennel cough, as do infections and allergies. The type of cough and the symptoms accompanying it provide an indication of the cause, but veterinary diagnosis and treatment remain key.

Kennel Cough

Kennel cough, or acute infectious tracheobronchitis, causes dogs to produce a high, dry cough that lasts approximately two weeks. Caretakers should separate infected dogs from healthy dogs in the home or kennel to keep the infection from spreading. Small doses of children's cough syrup and humidifiers help ease symptoms. Dogs can recover from kennel cough without seeing a veterinarian, but if symptoms persist or worsen, owners should seek veterinary treatment. Some dogs experience complications that lead to more serious health problems. The Bordetella vaccine protects dogs from catching most strains of kennel cough.

Allergies

Dogs suffer from allergies just like humans do. Seasonal pollen, smoke, house dust and mold cause canine coughs. According to Celeste A. Clements, allergy-related coughs seem dry and nonproductive. A dog suffering from allergies likely will exhibit sneezing and signs of itchiness. Allergies often clear without treatment once the allergen leaves, but severe cases should be diagnosed and treated by a veterinarian, who may prescribe steroids.

Distemper

Distemper affects each dog differently, with conditions ranging from mild to fatal. The danger is especially high for young puppies and dogs with otherwise ill health. A dry cough appears early on in the disease and accompanies listlessness, a fever and a thick yellow discharge running from the eyes and nose. Dogs exhibiting these symptoms must visit a vet immediately. Vaccinations prevent distemper beforehand, but owners of unvaccinated dogs need to be watchful.

Parasites

A dog infested with worms may also cough when roundworms migrate up the windpipe. Heartworms reproduce inside the lungs and cause a severe cough once the exchange of oxygenated blood between the lungs and heart becomes hindered. A veterinarian must diagnose these diseases. Worm-related diseases have reached a severe stage once coughing occurs, and are difficult to treat. Worm prevention provides the best protection against these ailments, Clements says.

Tracheal Collapse

Tracheal collapse occurs primarily in miniature and toy breeds but also can be brought on through extensive tugging on a dog's collar. When the cartilage supporting the trachea degenerates, it collapses, causing a dry, honking cough. As tracheal collapse gets worse, the cough changes from nonproductive to productive. Once collapse occurs, even surgery cannot fix the underlying problem, though operations can minimize the resulting obstructions.

Additional Causes

Many other canine illnesses include coughing as a possible symptom. Tuberculosis and pulmonary vascular disease include a moist, productive and often bloody cough. Fungal diseases also produce a moist cough and may lead to pneumonia. Pneumonia occurs under other circumstances, as well. Coccidiosis, another parasitic disease, produces a cough and other symptoms similar to distemper. Soft, productive night coughs indicate a high probability of congestive heart problems. Lung cancer typically produces a bloody cough, and chronic bronchitis produces a harsh, dry cough.

Make A Dog For Any Boarding Kennel

Most dog owners have to put their dog in a boarding kennel at some point. But sending your dog to a boarding kennel can be very stressful for you as well as for your dog. Learn to prepare your dog for a boarding kennel to help alleviate everyone's stress.

Instructions

1. Keep your dog's vaccinations up to date. All boarding kennels require proof of your dog's vaccinations. This typically includes the Bordetella or "Kennel Cough" vaccine, which may not be one of your dog's annual vaccinations. Get any needed vaccines a few weeks in advance so they are effective. You don't want to put your dog at risk for contagious diseases.

2. Put your dog on a flea and tick preventative. You may have an indoor dog, but your pet will be exposed to other dogs at the kennel. Protect your pet from parasites and get your pet on a flea and tick program such as Advantage or Frontline. Talk to your vet about which program is best for your dog.

3. Get your dog familiar with the boarding kennel. Before your drop your dog off for an overnight stay, take her dog for a visit. Introduce her dog to the facilities as well as to the staff. Consider boarding your dog for a couple of daytime stays before you board her overnight.

4. Keep things consistent between your home and the kennel. Pack your dog's regular food for his during her stay. You don't want to cause added stress to his digestive system during his stay. Send your dog's favorite toys with him so he has something familiar with him at all times.

5. Make the kennel something special. Pack special treats to send with your dog during her stay. Give her a special toy or bone that she only gets while she is at the kennel

Operate A Dog Kennel

www. doggie day care. ie

Running a dog kennel is a rewarding job, but it involves many responsibilities. Caring for other people's dogs is not far from caring from their children. Dog owners want to feel comfortable that the kennel of their choice has qualified, caring staff, and clean and safe facilities. If you are a dog lover and would like to run a dog kennel, read on to learn about create a successful doggie day care, day spa, or boarding kennel.

Instructions

1. BUSINESS PLAN

Your first step in running any business is creating a business plan. The plan for a dog kennel will include a mission statement for your kennel, products and services you intend to provide, a market analysis including the viability of the business and competitors in your area, structuring of the management of your dog kennel, last but not least, a financial plan.

2. LICENSES and PERMITS

Each state's licensing requirements are different. I've included a link to all state websites in the Resources section. Be sure you have all your proper licensing for a dog kennel facility.

3. EQUIPMENT and SUPPLIES

No matter what services you plan to offer at your dog kennel, you will need equipment and supplies. Here is a list to get you started:

Dog pens

Dog runs

Exercise leads

Grooming tables

Pooper scoopers

Dog food and water dishes

Dog food

Vitamins

Tick and Flea solutions

4. SERVICES

What services will you offer? Daytime care only? Overnight and long-term? Grooming? Training? Each of these services requires different staff skills, facilities, equipment and supplies.

5. SANITATION

Dog runs and pens will need to be cleaned on a daily basis. Cleaning isn't difficult and it's imperative in order to prevent illness in your doggie residents and in you and your staff. Seclude the dogs in another area, remove any bedding to be washed and dried, use the pooper scooper to remove any waste, rinse the cage well with hot water, use a solution of 1 part bleach to 32 parts water to scrub and sanitize all surfaces to rid them of disease-causing germs, rinse again with hot water and let dry. Only then can the clean bedding, toys, clean food and water dishes, and the dog be put back into the pen.

6. ACCREDITATION

The Pet Care Services Association (which I've linked below in the Resource section) offers accreditation and membership. This type of membership can be very helpful in assuring potential clients of your competency and compliance with industry standards.

7. ANIMAL HEALTH and the VET

Establishing a relationship with a good vet is crucial to operating a safe and healthy dog kennel. I've included a link to the American Veterinary Medical Association where you can find a local reputable vet.

Thursday, December 26, 2013

Listing Of Small Kinds Of Dogs

Small dogs have large personalities.

Little dogs have a reputation for big personalities best summed up by the Latin phrase "multum in parvo," or "much in little." Though they are pint-sized, little dogs prove just as challenging, if not more so, than their larger counterparts. There are a variety of small dogs, most of which are classified in size as "toy" or "teacup," owing to their portable nature and small stature.

Chihuahua

Chihuahuas weigh no more than six pounds.

First recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1904, the chihuahua is a dog best described as saucy or sassy. Weighing no more than six pounds, chihuahuas are often seen carried in purses or lounging on laps. Chihuahuas come in a number of colors and are solid, spotted or splashed. They may have long or short coats. These dogs are well-muscled for their short stature and may present a problem to novice dog owners. The American Kennel Club's "Dog Breed Bible" describes chihuahuas as self-important and quick to disobey commands if they see no reason to obey.

Pug

Pugs may be fawn or black in color.

Pugs weigh between 14 and 18 pounds. Characterized by a wrinkled face and dark, deep, soulful eyes, pugs are "people dogs" that enjoy the attention and affection of their human companions. Though they are stout and muscular, pugs require little exercise. They are typically fawn or black in color and have a fine, short coat. First recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1885, pugs are even-tempered and playful, according to the "Dog Breed Bible." They are ideal for apartment dwellers and adapt easily to almost all situations.

Shih Tzu

Shih tzus are lively and energetic.

The name "Shih Tzu" means lion, according to the American Kennel Club. The name is fitting, as the appearance and temperament of these tiny canines are likened to that of a lion. Weighing between nine and 16 pounds, shih tzu dogs are lively and friendly, seeking out the company of people whenever possible. Shih tzus have a long, flowing double coat that requires grooming on a daily basis, sometimes more than once a day. Though not overly aggressive, shih tzus are more than willing to put up a fuss to protect their home or owners. Shih tzus normally come in colors of fawn and tan, but may be seen in other colors.

Yorkshire Terrier

Yorkshire Terriers thrive when given a job to do.

Often called Yorkies by their owners, Yorkshire Terriers were originally bred to hunt and catch rats. These pint-sized hunters range in size from four to seven pounds and have a long, silky, straight coat that requires daily grooming to maintain. The Yorkshire Terrier was first recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1885, and is characterized by an inquisitive, determined nature. Coat colors are typically blue and tan, though shades of black may be seen as well. Yorkies do best around people and thrive when given a job to accomplish.

Operate A Dog Sledding Business

Giving dog-sled tours can be a rewarding way to make a living.

Dog-sledding -- or mushing, as it is commonly known -- is a fun and fast sport that couples a love of the outdoors with a love of dogs. Deciding to make the leap from recreational musher to professional tour guide is a way to make a living from your love for mushing, but it can also mean a large investment of time and money. Starting a professional dog-sledding kennel is not something to go into without being fully prepared.

Instructions

1. Write up a business plan. Your business plan should detail any other activities you can offer from your kennel when tours aren't possible. Include a marketing plan; expenses like housing, equipment and dog food; and your expected income from giving rides.

2. Call your insurance company and find out how much it will cost to insure you for giving rides and having people come and visit your property. Before you give anyone a ride, have customers sign a waiver preventing them from suing you, should you crash with your client in the sled.

3. Offer other services. Instead of just giving rides, you could offer training for those who wish to put together their own teams, cart rides in the fall and you could write about dog-sledding or give talks to expand your business.

4. Sell equipment or novelties. Many dog mushers make harnesses, lines, dog sleds or other equipment required by mushers. Novelty items like T-shirts and patches from races can also be sold.

5. Create a dog-sledding environment that people will want to visit throughout the year. Just because people can't take a ride in July, doesn't mean they won't want to come and visit your kennel and meet the dogs. Invite people to come all year round. Offer a talk or video about dog-sledding and try to make your business grow that way. People who visit in the summer on a whim will probably be encouraged to come back in the winter for a tour.

6. Develop a system for keeping track of your dogs and their health issues. You will need to be diligent in taking care of your dogs, making sure they have all of the proper vaccinations and that they are taking any medications they need.

7. Develop a system for taking care of your expenses and income. You will need to report all of this to the IRS, so hold onto receipts and write down all income you receive related to your dog-sledding business.

8. Make sure your kennel is always tidy and inviting to your guests. Place a fence around the kennel to keep small animals and people out of the kennel and dogs in the kennel.

9. Warn guests about the dogs before allowing them to enter. Sled dogs are not always obedience-trained because they are encouraged to be exuberant. They often jump on people in a friendly way. Your guests should know this ahead of time.

Honolulu City Laws On The Quantity Of Pets Per Household

Honolulu's ordinances specify the amount of particular pets allowed per household.

The Animals and Fowl Ordinance, in Chapter 7, Article 2 of the Revised Ordinances of Honolulu, defines pets as animals "maintained on the premises of a dwelling unit and kept by the resident of the dwelling unit solely for personal enjoyment and companionship." The amount of pets per household is only one of many issues addressed in the ordinance, which includes laws pertaining to barking and noise, stray animals, licensing, identification, safety, animal abuse and other animal-related issues.

Residents of Honolulu military housing must abide by military restrictions, which permit a maximum of two pets per household.

Dogs

If you live in a residential area in Honolulu, you may have no more than 10 dogs, aged 4 months or older, according to the Hawaiian Humane Society. As of 2010, all dogs over 4 months old must be licensed, with renewals every two years. The licensing fee for dogs 4 to 7 months of age is $10. The fee is $10 for neutered or spayed dogs 8 months or older with a veterinary certificate confirming the neutering, and the license fee for a non-neutered dog older than 8 months of age is $28.50. Wolf hybrid dogs are prohibited in the state of Hawaii.

Cats

There is no law governing the number of cats a Honolulu household may have, but it is illegal for a person in Honolulu to own a cat over 6 months of age unless the person's cat wears identification. Each cat is required to have an identification tag attached to its collar with the owner's name, address and phone number. In addition to the identification ordinance, it is unlawful for a cat owner to allow a cat over the age of 6 months to be outdoors unless the cat has been neutered or spayed by a veterinarian.

Pet Birds

Honolulu has no law specifying or restricting the number of pet birds a resident may keep.

Small Pets

Honolulu does not restrict the number of small pets other than dogs that a resident may have. Rabbits may not be kept on the ground, but must be in hutches built off the ground. The Department of Agriculture enforces this law, created to prevent rabbits from getting loose and becoming a threat to the environment.

Farm Animals and Fowl

The Honolulu law as of 2010 states that the number of pet "chickens or peafowl shall not exceed two per household." This law does not apply to poultry raised, bred or kept for a business enterprise or to be used for food, where keeping livestock is permitted.

Honolulu Animal and Fowl ordinance requirements allow farm animals, including "pigs, cows, goats, sheep, horses, camels and llamas," in residential areas only if their enclosures are "not located within 300 feet of any property line."

Honeybees

Whether honeybees are kept as pets or for honey production, Honolulu's Animal ordinance specifies the number of hives allowed per household. According to the ordinance's Special Requirements Sec. 7-2.5, "no more than eight honeybee hives are allowed per zoning lot," and bee colonies must be "maintained in movable frame hives, constructed to meet the specifications for beehives set by the American Beekeepers Federation."

Tuesday, December 31, 2013

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Monday, December 30, 2013

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