German shepherds are highly intelligent and trainable.
Highly intelligent and trainable, the German shepherd excels at police, military and service work. When properly trained, these dogs also make excellent family pets. However, an uncontrollable German shepherd is not only annoying but also potentially dangerous. Therefore, basic training should begin the first day the puppy arrives home. Teaching a puppy the basics prevents bad behavior early and sets the foundation for formal obedience training later.
Establishing Leadership
German shepherd owners must demonstrate confident, consistent leadership at all times. To establish leadership, never allow the dog to enter a doorway ahead of you. Pack leaders eat first in the dog world, so always feed your dog after you have eaten, and never allow the dog near the dinner table at mealtime. Avoid excessive petting and high-pitched praise, and never lose your temper with your dog. Using calm, positive discipline will encourage the dog to respect you as the leader.
Biting
German shepherd puppies should never be allowed to bite humans, even in play. When the puppy begins mouthing or nipping, say "No bite!" and immediately give the pup an appropriate chew toy. Another way to curb nipping is to imitate the yelp of another puppy. Puppies teach each other boundaries by yelping when nipped too hard. When the puppy nips, squeal "Ouch," cross your arms, and turn your back. Also, avoid tug-of-war games that encourage growling and aggressiveness.
Jumping
Adult German shepherds can weigh 80 lbs. or more, so it is imperative to teach the puppy not to jump on people. When greeting the puppy, bend over so he does not have to jump up to see you. If the puppy continues to jump on you, cross your arms, turn your back and ignore the puppy. When visitors come to your house, put a leash on the puppy and make him sit to the side as they enter. Instruct your visitors to ignore the dog at first. Then bring the dog in to be greeted calmly once everyone is settled.
Socialization
Naturally protective of their families, a German shepherd's guarding instincts can quickly turn into unwanted aggression toward strangers or other animals if he is not properly socialized. It is important to introduce the puppy to "friendly strangers" in many different settings so he will learn to discern normal social behavior from threatening behavior. Interaction with other friendly dogs (such as at dog parks) is also helpful.
Obedience Training
Formal obedience training should begin no later than 6 months of age. Group training classes are good because they help socialize the puppy with other people and dogs. When choosing a trainer, look for someone who uses praise and rewards for motivation and has experience working with German shepherds. Your breeder or veterinarian should be able to recommend good trainers in your area.
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