The mastiff was bred to be a guard dog.
The mastiff breeds are all incredibly large in size, although there are slight differences between them. These dogs were first bred to be guard dogs among other things, including dogs of war, hunting dogs and cattle herding dogs. According to the American Kennel Club, the mastiff breeds are generally docile and affectionate to their family as well as being naturally protective. Mastiffs can be challenging to train as they are independent thinkers, so it is vital for owners to begin training and socializing them at a young age. These dogs also require a large amount of roaming space due to their large size.
Mastiff
According to the American Kennel Club, the mastiff is one of the largest dog breeds to be registered. The male can measure up to 30 inches (76cm) tall at the shoulder, whereas the female will generally reach 27.5 inches (70cm) in height. The breed originated in Great Britain where the dog was used as a guard and watch dog. The mastiff was also used in battle by the British army in 55 B.C. Despite being fearless, the mastiff is known to be a good-natured, people-loving dog.
Bullmastiff
The bullmastiff stands at between 24 and 27 inches (61 and 69cm) tall and is therefore slightly smaller than the mastiff. This breed has a shorter muzzle than other mastiff breeds and this is due to the breed being created by crossing the mastiff with the British bulldog. The breed was first used by gamekeepers for tracking and mauling poachers. The American Kennel Club describe this breed as intelligent, quiet and docile. The bullmastiff is more responsive to obedience and agility training than some other mastiff breeds and is sometimes used as a therapy dog.
Neapolitan Mastiff
The Neapolitan mastiff can grow to between 24 and 31 inches (61 to 79cm) in height and can be identified by the loose folds of skin that cover its face and body. The Neapolitan can also be seen sporting a blue coat. This breed is thought to have a fierce appearance although the American Kennel Club praises the breed for having a docile temperament. The breed can be unfriendly towards strangers due to its protective instincts and is therefore suited to responsible and experienced dog owners who will commit to consistent training and socialization. The dogs were first used to fight in battle by the Roman army.
Dogue De Bordeaux
The dogue de Bordeaux, or the French mastiff, is one of the smaller mastiff breeds with its height ranging from 23 inches (58cm) in height. This breed can be identified by its red or fawn coloration. Little is known about the origin of this breed although it has been used for dog fighting and hunting large game, such as bears and jaguars. It has also been used to herd cattle. According to the American Kennel Club, this breed is affectionate and docile, although it will drool.
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